---
title: "0.3. Electronic signature: what it is and what it's for."
url: "https://help.conta.es/en/article/03-firma-electronica-que-es-y-para-que-sirve"
language: "en"
last_updated: "2026-02-25T13:48:33.205Z"
---

# 0.3. Electronic signature: what it is and what it's for.

An **electronic signature certificate in Spain** is a **digital document issued by a recognized certification authority** that **uniquely identifies a person or entity and allows documents to be signed electronically with legal validity**, equivalent to a handwritten signature on paper. 

**What exactly is it?**

-   It is a **digital file containing your identification data** (name, NIF/NIE, cryptographic keys, etc.). 
-   It allows you to **sign documents electronically** and **access or carry out online procedures with public administrations**, banks, companies, or other organizations **securely and with legal validity**It guarantees the
-   signer's identity**, the** document's integrity **and that the signature truly originates from the certificate holder.** 

**What is it used for?**

With an electronic signature certificate, you can:

-   Submit taxes, appeals, or declarations to the administration. 
-   Access services such as Social Security, Tax Agency, city councils, or official registries. 
-   Sign contracts and digital documents with legal validity. 

**How is it obtained in Spain?**

The most common method is to obtain the **electronic certificate from the** [**FNMT-RCM**](https://www.fnmt.es/) **(National Mint and Stamp Factory – Royal Mint)**, which is **free**, although there may be a small cost if you choose video identification. 

**Main steps**

1.  **Request the certificate online**  
    Access the FNMT website and fill out a form with your personal data (NIF/NIE, name, etc.). After submitting the request, you will receive an **application code** in your email. 
2.  **Verify your identity**  
    With that code, you must **verify your identity** at a **physical registration office** (for example, points of the Tax Agency, Social Security, or other collaborating organizations). It is also possible to verify your identity **online with video identification** or using your **electronic DNI (DNIe)** or an existing certificate. 
3.  **Download and install the certificate**  
    Once your identity has been verified, you can **download the certificate from the FNMT website** using the same computer and browser with which you made the request. 
4.  **Save backup copy (optional but recommended)**  
    After installing it, save a backup copy on a secure device to be able to reuse or restore it if you change equipment. 

**Basic requirements**

-   Have a **valid DNI or NIE**Be of legal age (or emancipated minor). 
-   Have an email address and, in some cases, means to verify your identity (DNIe or video identification).